มังคุด (Mangkhut) / Mangosteen
Family: Clusiaceae
Garcinia mangostana, or มังคุด (Mangkhut) in Thai, is a tropical evergreen tree known as the “Queen of Fruits.” It is treasured across Southeast Asia for both its delicious fruit and potent medicinal benefits derived from its rind and leaves.
Botanical Characteristics
Mangosteen is a slow-growing tree reaching 6–25 meters in height with a dense canopy of thick, glossy leaves and reddish new shoots. The fruit is round, dark purple when ripe, with a thick rind enclosing soft white segments of juicy, aromatic flesh.
Use in Thai Traditional Medicine
The dried rind of mangosteen fruit is used as an astringent and anti-inflammatory agent. Decoctions from the pericarp treat diarrhea, skin infections, and wounds. In traditional Thai medicine, mangosteen is classified as a cooling herb that helps balance internal heat and purify the blood.
Medicinal Compounds
The rind contains xanthones, a class of powerful antioxidants with antibacterial, antiviral, and anticancer potential. It also includes tannins, catechins, and polyphenols that promote tissue repair and reduce inflammation.
Culinary and Nutritional Uses
The fruit is consumed fresh for its sweet-sour taste, and its juice is often blended into health beverages. Rich in vitamin C and fiber, mangosteen supports the immune system, digestion, and skin health.
Cultivation Notes
Garcinia mangostana thrives in warm, humid climates with well-drained, slightly acidic soil. It prefers partial shade in early growth stages and benefits from consistent moisture. Patience is essential—trees take several years to bear fruit but remain productive for decades.
Disclaimer: This information is provided for educational and historical purposes only. It is not intended as medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any herbal preparation.
