ส้มแขก (Somkhaek) / Asam Gelugur
Family: Clusiaceae
Garcinia atroviridis, known in Thailand as ส้มแขก (Somkhaek), is a tropical tree bearing sour yellow-green fruits used widely in Thai cuisine and traditional medicine. It is native to Southeast Asia and is highly valued for its digestive and detoxifying benefits.
Botanical Characteristics
This medium-sized evergreen tree reaches up to 15 meters and features shiny green leaves arranged in opposite pairs. The fruit is round with deep ridges, turning bright yellow when ripe. It is extremely sour and aromatic, commonly sliced and dried for storage or medicinal use.
Traditional Uses in Thai Medicine
ส้มแขก is used to stimulate digestion, reduce appetite, and aid in detoxification. The fruit is a common ingredient in weight-control remedies and herbal infusions designed to balance body fat and improve metabolism. It is also taken after heavy meals to ease digestion and prevent bloating.
Medicinal Compounds
The main bioactive compound is hydroxycitric acid (HCA), which inhibits fat synthesis and enhances satiety. Other components include flavonoids and organic acids with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects.
Culinary and Cultural Uses
Dried slices of ส้มแขก are added to soups, curries, and fish dishes for their tangy flavor. In rural Thailand and Malaysia, it is also boiled into herbal drinks believed to cleanse the blood and cool the body after illness or heat exposure.
Cultivation Notes
Garcinia atroviridis thrives in warm, humid tropical conditions with partial shade and fertile, well-drained soil. It prefers consistent watering and benefits from organic compost. Mature trees bear fruit seasonally and can be propagated from seeds or grafting.
Disclaimer: This information is provided for educational and historical purposes only. It is not intended as medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any herbal preparation.
