ผักชายา (Phak Chaya)
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Cnidoscolus aconitifolius, commonly known as Chaya or Tree Spinach, is a perennial shrub native to Central America and now widely cultivated in tropical Asia. In Thailand, it is known as ผักชายา (Phak Chaya) and is valued both as a medicinal and nutritional plant. The leaves are highly nutritious, rich in protein, calcium, iron, and vitamins A and C, making Chaya a sustainable food source in warm climates.
Botanical Characteristics
Chaya grows 2–3 meters tall with soft, green, lobed leaves resembling papaya foliage. The stems exude a milky sap typical of the Euphorbiaceae family. Small white flowers form in clusters at branch tips. The plant thrives in tropical sunlight and is tolerant of poor soil conditions, drought, and frequent pruning, which promotes lush leaf production.
Use in Thai Traditional Medicine
In Thai herbal practice, ผักชายา (Phak Chaya) is used as a tonic to strengthen the body, improve blood circulation, and enhance vitality. The leaves are believed to promote detoxification and support liver function. When cooked properly (boiled to remove toxic hydrocyanic compounds), Chaya serves as both a medicinal herb and a healthy green vegetable rich in antioxidants.
Cultivation Notes
Cnidoscolus aconitifolius thrives in full sun and well-drained soil. It propagates easily from stem cuttings and requires minimal care. The young leaves are harvested regularly for cooking or drying. At Kamala Beach Estate’s Thai Medicinal Herb Garden, it is used as a showcase plant for the overlap between food and medicine in tropical horticulture.
Historical Context
Originally cultivated by the Maya civilization, Chaya spread throughout Southeast Asia as a hardy, fast-growing leafy vegetable. In modern Thai gardens, it represents the integration of sustainable nutrition and traditional herbal wisdom.
Disclaimer: This information is provided for educational and historical purposes only. It is not intended as medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any herbal preparation.
