ขนุน (Khanun) / Jackfruit
Family: Moraceae
Artocarpus heterophyllus, commonly known as Jackfruit or ขนุน (Khanun), is a large tropical fruit tree native to South and Southeast Asia. In Thailand, it is a culturally significant plant symbolizing good luck and prosperity. The fruit, seeds, and even leaves have been used for food and traditional remedies for centuries.
Botanical Characteristics
The jackfruit tree grows up to 20 meters tall and produces the world’s largest tree-borne fruit, which can weigh over 30 kilograms. Its leaves are dark green, leathery, and oval. The fruit contains numerous yellow bulbs of sweet edible flesh surrounding large seeds, which are also consumed after boiling or roasting.
Use in Thai Traditional Medicine
In Thai herbal medicine, ขนุน is considered a strengthening and nourishing plant. The ripe fruit is used to promote energy and weight gain, while the unripe fruit and seeds are believed to support digestion and reduce body heat. The latex and roots have been used in folk remedies for skin problems and wound healing.
Culinary and Nutritional Uses
The fruit is eaten fresh, cooked in curries, or preserved as a sweet snack. Unripe jackfruit is used in savory dishes, while the seeds are rich in protein and minerals. The tree’s high nutritional value makes it a sustainable food source in tropical regions.
Cultivation Notes
Artocarpus heterophyllus prefers full sun and well-drained soil. It grows well in humid, tropical climates and can be propagated by seeds or grafting. In the KBE Thai Medicinal Herb Garden, it is grown both for its symbolic value and its dual role as a medicinal and food-producing tree.
Historical Context
Jackfruit has deep cultural roots in Thai society, where its name, ขนุน, is associated with the word “หนุน” (to support or uplift). It is often planted near homes or temples to bring good fortune, abundance, and success.
Disclaimer: This information is provided for educational and historical purposes only. It is not intended as medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any herbal preparation.
