ข่า (Kha) / Galangal
Family: Zingiberaceae
Alpinia galanga, known as Galangal or ข่า (Kha), is a perennial rhizome plant closely related to ginger. It is an essential ingredient in Thai cuisine and a cornerstone of traditional herbal medicine across Southeast Asia. Both its roots and leaves are valued for their aromatic and medicinal properties.
Botanical Characteristics
The plant grows up to 2 meters tall with smooth, erect green stems and long, lance-shaped leaves. The underground rhizomes are pale brown with a sharp, citrusy fragrance. Small white flowers with pink streaks appear seasonally. It thrives in moist, well-drained soil and partial shade.
Use in Thai Traditional Medicine
In Thai herbal medicine, ข่า is classified as a warming herb (ยาอุ่น) that stimulates digestion, reduces bloating, and helps relieve nausea. It is used to treat colds, flu, and joint pain due to its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial compounds. Galangal tea is also consumed as a general tonic for vitality.
Culinary and Nutritional Uses
Galangal is a defining flavor in Thai soups such as ต้มข่าไก่ (Tom Kha Gai). Its spicy aroma enhances curries, stir-fries, and herbal broths. The rhizome is rich in essential oils, antioxidants, and flavonoids that aid digestion and protect against infections.
Cultivation Notes
Alpinia galanga prefers warm, humid conditions and grows well in partial sunlight. It is propagated by dividing rhizomes and requires consistent watering but good drainage. In the KBE Thai Medicinal Herb Garden, galangal is cultivated both for culinary use and for its therapeutic benefits.
Historical Context
Galangal has been documented in Thai and Ayurvedic medicine for over a thousand years. It symbolizes strength and warmth in Thai culture and remains one of the most recognizable and beloved herbs in Southeast Asian healing traditions.
Disclaimer: This information is provided for educational and historical purposes only. It is not intended as medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any herbal preparation.
