ระย่อม (Ra Yom)
Family: Apocynaceae
Rauvolfia serpentina, known as Indian Snakeroot or ระย่อม (Ra Yom), is a small, evergreen shrub native to tropical Asia. It is one of the most historically significant medicinal plants of the region, long valued for its sedative, anti-hypertensive, and detoxifying properties. Its roots contain potent alkaloids that have been used in both Thai and Ayurvedic medicine for centuries.
Botanical Characteristics
The shrub grows 30–90 cm tall with slender, smooth stems and shiny, elliptic leaves arranged in whorls of three. Small white or pinkish flowers bloom in clusters, followed by small, dark purple berries. The roots are long, cylindrical, and yellowish-brown inside—the source of its key medicinal compounds, including reserpine and ajmaline.
Use in Thai Traditional Medicine
In Thai traditional medicine, ระย่อม (Ra Yom) is used to calm the nervous system, reduce blood pressure, and cleanse the body of toxins. Decoctions of the root are prescribed in small doses for treating insomnia, anxiety, and mild hypertension. It is also considered beneficial for balancing internal heat and aiding recovery from fever. Due to its potency, it is used under professional supervision only.
Cultivation Notes
Rauvolfia serpentina prefers partial shade, warm temperatures, and moist but well-drained soil. It is slow-growing and thrives best in organically rich environments. At Kamala Beach Estate’s Thai Medicinal Herb Garden, it is grown for both educational and research purposes, highlighting the importance of dosage control in herbal medicine.
Historical Context
The plant was one of the first tropical species to gain international attention for modern pharmacology. Its active compound, reserpine, was isolated in the mid-20th century and became a foundational treatment for hypertension and certain mental health conditions. In Thailand, it remains a respected medicinal root in traditional apothecaries and temple gardens.
Disclaimer: This information is provided for educational and historical purposes only. It is not intended as medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any herbal preparation.
