มังคุด (Mangkhut) / Mangosteen
Family: Clusiaceae
Garcinia mangostana, known in Thai as มังคุด (Mangkhut), is a tropical evergreen tree producing the famous purple mangosteen fruit, often called the “Queen of Fruits.” Beyond its culinary fame, mangosteen has been used in Thai traditional medicine for centuries for its cooling and anti-inflammatory properties.
Botanical Characteristics
The tree grows 6–25 meters tall with dense foliage and leathery, glossy leaves. It produces thick-skinned purple fruits containing juicy, white, segmented pulp. The rind, rich in xanthones, is widely used for medicinal purposes. Mangosteen thrives in humid tropical climates with fertile, well-drained soil.
Use in Thai Traditional Medicine
The rind (เปลือกมังคุด) is used to treat diarrhea, skin infections, and wounds. Decoctions made from the rind are applied externally to aid healing and reduce inflammation. The fruit’s cooling nature helps balance internal heat and relieve mouth ulcers or skin irritation during hot seasons.
Medicinal Compounds
Rich in xanthones, catechins, and tannins—compounds known for their strong antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects. Modern studies confirm mangosteen’s potential in supporting immune function and protecting against oxidative stress.
Culinary and Nutritional Uses
Mangosteen fruit is eaten fresh or used in desserts and health beverages. Its delicate, sweet flavor and high vitamin C content make it a refreshing tropical delicacy. Dried rind extracts are also used in herbal drinks for detoxification and digestive balance.
Cultivation Notes
Garcinia mangostana prefers partial sunlight and deep, rich soil with consistent moisture. It is slow-growing and requires patience before fruiting, typically 6–10 years from planting. Regular watering and organic mulching support steady growth in tropical gardens.
Disclaimer: This information is provided for educational and historical purposes only. It is not intended as medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any herbal preparation.
