มะกรูด (Makrut) / Kaffir Lime
Family: Rutaceae
Citrus hystrix, commonly known as Kaffir Lime or มะกรูด (Makrut), is one of Thailand’s most distinctive and beloved aromatic trees. Both its fruit and leaves are essential in Thai cuisine and traditional healing practices, prized for their cleansing and purifying properties.
Botanical Characteristics
The tree grows up to 3–5 meters tall with thorny branches and glossy, double-lobed leaves. Its small, green fruit has a rough, textured rind with a highly fragrant aroma. Citrus hystrix thrives in tropical climates, preferring full sunlight and well-drained soil.
Use in Thai Traditional Medicine
In Thai herbal medicine, มะกรูด is considered a cooling and cleansing herb. The fruit and leaves are used to stimulate digestion, purify the blood, and reduce inflammation. The essential oil is known for its antibacterial and antifungal effects and is used in traditional remedies for scalp and skin care.
Culinary and Aromatic Uses
Kaffir lime leaves are a signature ingredient in Thai soups, curries, and stir-fries, adding a citrusy fragrance that defines Thai cooking. The zest and juice are also used in herbal teas and tonics for internal cleansing. The fruit’s peel is a common ingredient in natural shampoos and soaps.
Cultivation Notes
Citrus hystrix requires good sunlight, moderate watering, and fertile soil. It can be propagated from seeds or cuttings and should be pruned regularly to maintain a strong shape. In the KBE Thai Medicinal Herb Garden, it represents the balance between beauty, aroma, and function — a plant of both kitchen and medicine.
Historical Context
For centuries, มะกรูด has been part of Thai cultural rituals and wellness traditions. The fruit’s juice was used in cleansing ceremonies, symbolizing purification and renewal. Today, it remains a cornerstone of Thai herbal wisdom and daily life.
Disclaimer: This information is provided for educational and historical purposes only. It is not intended as medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any herbal preparation.
